{"id":8329,"date":"2025-08-19T06:55:12","date_gmt":"2025-08-19T06:55:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/?p=8329"},"modified":"2025-11-17T04:43:09","modified_gmt":"2025-11-17T04:43:09","slug":"the-construction-failures-behind-the-grenfell-tower-fire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/fr\/the-construction-failures-behind-the-grenfell-tower-fire\/","title":{"rendered":"Les d\u00e9fauts de construction \u00e0 l'origine de l'incendie de la tour Grenfell"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8329\" class=\"elementor elementor-8329\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c601f30 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c601f30\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9724773 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9724773\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le 14 juin 2017, \u00e0 l'aube, un incendie s'est d\u00e9clar\u00e9 dans la Grenfell Tower, un immeuble r\u00e9sidentiel de 24 \u00e9tages situ\u00e9 dans l'ouest de Londres.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0En l'espace de quelques minutes, ce qui n'\u00e9tait au d\u00e9part qu'une d\u00e9faillance mineure d'un appareil \u00e9lectrom\u00e9nager s'est transform\u00e9 en l'un des incendies de structure les plus meurtriers de l'histoire britannique moderne, faisant 72 morts et de nombreux bless\u00e9s.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si l'incendie a choqu\u00e9 le public, ce sont les d\u00e9faillances de la construction, multiples, syst\u00e9miques et \u00e9vitables, qui ont transform\u00e9 un incident g\u00e9rable en catastrophe.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La catastrophe n'\u00e9tait pas seulement un accident tragique. Il s'agit d'une d\u00e9faillance structurelle de la surveillance, de la r\u00e9glementation et de la prise de d\u00e9cision qui a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 de profondes fissures dans la culture de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des b\u00e2timents au Royaume-Uni.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2e1ddc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b2e1ddc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La r\u00e9novation : Un tournant\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a10bf7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a10bf7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La tour Grenfell a \u00e9t\u00e9 construite en 1974, \u00e0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 les tours en b\u00e9ton \u00e9taient omnipr\u00e9sentes au Royaume-Uni.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Malgr\u00e9 son \u00e2ge, la structure d'origine avait un bon dossier en mati\u00e8re d'incendie et \u00e9tait faite de b\u00e9ton arm\u00e9, connu pour ses propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de r\u00e9sistance au feu.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mais entre 2012 et 2016, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9nov\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il s'agit notamment de<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f933bef elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"f933bef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Installation d'un rev\u00eatement ext\u00e9rieur en mat\u00e9riau composite d'aluminium (ACM) avec une \u00e2me en poly\u00e9thyl\u00e8ne<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Ajout d'une isolation derri\u00e8re le bardage pour le rendre plus efficace sur le plan \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Remplacement des fen\u00eatres et modification de la ventilation<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-895467b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"895467b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sur le papier, ces am\u00e9liorations \u00e9taient cens\u00e9es moderniser le b\u00e2timent et le rendre plus efficace sur le plan \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique. En pratique, elles ont compromis sa s\u00e9curit\u00e9 incendie d'une mani\u00e8re qui allait s'av\u00e9rer d\u00e9sastreuse.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af3cec0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"af3cec0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6d9889 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e6d9889\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Un bardage dangereux : Une erreur critique\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03320b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03320b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L'une des principales d\u00e9faillances de la construction a \u00e9t\u00e9 l'utilisation d'un rev\u00eatement en ACM. Alors que ces panneaux \u00e9taient courants dans la construction commerciale, le type sp\u00e9cifique utilis\u00e9 \u00e0 Grenfell avait un noyau de poly\u00e9thyl\u00e8ne hautement inflammable, essentiellement du plastique.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En cas d'incendie, ce mat\u00e9riau se comporte comme de l'essence solide. Une fois enflamm\u00e9, il fond, coule et acc\u00e9l\u00e8re la propagation des flammes vers le haut et \u00e0 travers les fa\u00e7ades. Et c'est exactement ce qui s'est pass\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La conception avait un \u201ceffet de chemin\u00e9e\u201d : des cavit\u00e9s entre le rev\u00eatement et l'isolation qui permettaient aux gaz chauds et aux flammes de monter dans le b\u00e2timent.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cela va \u00e0 l'encontre de tous les principes de compartimentage dans la conception des immeubles de grande hauteur, o\u00f9 les flammes doivent \u00eatre contenues dans une seule unit\u00e9 ou un seul \u00e9tage.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le pire, c'est qu'il existait \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque des solutions plus s\u00fbres. Le rev\u00eatement ignifuge, bien que l\u00e9g\u00e8rement plus cher, a \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9. Avec le recul, la d\u00e9cision a \u00e9t\u00e9 un compromis catastrophique entre la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et le co\u00fbt.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e7e5d5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6e7e5d5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5217135 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5217135\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Des barri\u00e8res anti-incendie qui n'ont pas fonctionn\u00e9\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37e22c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"37e22c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/The-Grenfell-Tower-image.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8494\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/The-Grenfell-Tower-image.png 400w, https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/The-Grenfell-Tower-image-218x300.png 218w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77a602a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77a602a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un immeuble de grande hauteur bien rev\u00eatu doit comporter des mesures anti-incendie, des barri\u00e8res et des mat\u00e9riaux intumescents qui se dilatent en cas d'incendie pour bloquer la chaleur et les flammes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le syst\u00e8me de rev\u00eatement de Grenfell comprenait de telles barri\u00e8res, mais les enqu\u00eates ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 qu'elles \u00e9taient \u201cmanquantes, incompl\u00e8tes ou mal install\u00e9es\u201d.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 plusieurs endroits, ces coupe-feu laissaient des espaces suffisamment grands pour que la fum\u00e9e et les flammes puissent les contourner, transformant ainsi la fa\u00e7ade en une autoroute pour le feu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sans pare-feu ad\u00e9quat, m\u00eame les meilleurs mat\u00e9riaux auraient eu du mal \u00e0 contenir l'incendie.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mais il ne s'agit pas d'une erreur isol\u00e9e.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L'incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 garantir la qualit\u00e9 des installations est r\u00e9v\u00e9latrice d'un probl\u00e8me plus large dans le secteur de la construction au Royaume-Uni : une surveillance insuffisante pendant les travaux de r\u00e9novation et une d\u00e9pendance excessive \u00e0 l'\u00e9gard de l'autocertification des entrepreneurs.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfd4432 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cfd4432\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea707e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ea707e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Compartimentage compromis\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-136d1be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"136d1be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans les grands immeubles, le principe de compartimentage est sacr\u00e9. Chaque appartement est cens\u00e9 agir comme une bo\u00eete herm\u00e9tique, emp\u00eachant le feu et la fum\u00e9e de se propager pendant au moins 60 minutes. Les r\u00e9sidents ont ainsi le temps d'\u00e9vacuer les lieux ou de rester sur place s'ils sont en s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le compartimentage interne de Grenfell a \u00e9t\u00e9 compromis \u00e0 plusieurs \u00e9gards :<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15d67fe elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"15d67fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Les interstices autour des fen\u00eatres nouvellement install\u00e9es n'ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 correctement scell\u00e9s<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Les gaines et les colonnes montantes ne sont pas suffisamment prot\u00e9g\u00e9es contre le feu.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Les portes coupe-feu n'ont pas r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 retenir la fum\u00e9e et la chaleur<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1efa6e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1efa6e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lorsque le feu a atteint l'int\u00e9rieur des appartements, il ne s'est pas arr\u00eat\u00e9 aux murs. Il a saut\u00e9 entre les unit\u00e9s, ouvert des br\u00e8ches dans les couloirs et inond\u00e9 la cage d'escalier centrale, rendant les voies d'\u00e9vacuation impraticables.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C'est une chose qu'un feu ext\u00e9rieur atteigne un appartement. C'en est une autre lorsque les protections internes, con\u00e7ues par la r\u00e9glementation, ne tiennent pas. Il ne s'agissait pas d'erreurs techniques abstraites. Il s'agissait de syst\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 critiques qui ont \u00e9chou\u00e9 sous la pression, avec des cons\u00e9quences fatales.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0544d22 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0544d22\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c222a1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c222a1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Absence de gicleurs et de syst\u00e8mes d'alarme\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38d903e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38d903e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Une autre omission choquante est l'absence de syst\u00e8me actif d'extinction des incendies. La tour Grenfell n'avait pas d'extincteurs automatiques. Il n'y avait pas d'alarme incendie dans les parties communes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aucun syst\u00e8me d'alerte central n'est venu contrecarrer le conseil de ne pas bouger une fois que l'incendie s'est propag\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bien qu'elle ne soit pas obligatoire \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque pour des r\u00e9novations de cette ampleur, l'absence de mesures de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 aussi \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires est ind\u00e9fendable.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En particulier dans un b\u00e2timent abritant des r\u00e9sidents vuln\u00e9rables, notamment des enfants, des personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es et des personnes \u00e0 mobilit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les extincteurs automatiques auraient pu faire gagner des minutes vitales. Une alarme incendie centrale aurait pu d\u00e9clencher une \u00e9vacuation plus rapide. Au lieu de cela, la confusion et les conseils contradictoires ont entra\u00een\u00e9 des retards tragiques dans l'\u00e9vacuation des r\u00e9sidents.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cb4736 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3cb4736\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efcabd0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"efcabd0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Faiblesses en mati\u00e8re de r\u00e9glementation et de passation de march\u00e9s\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-776a66e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"776a66e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Grenfell-tower-img-.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8495\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Grenfell-tower-img-.png 300w, https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Grenfell-tower-img--150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Grenfell-tower-img--100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-706d7b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"706d7b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Derri\u00e8re les choix de construction se cachait un r\u00e9seau de r\u00e9glementations d\u00e9fectueuses et de responsabilit\u00e9s fragment\u00e9es.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 l'\u00e9poque, la r\u00e9glementation britannique en mati\u00e8re de construction \u00e9tait sujette \u00e0 interpr\u00e9tation, ce qui permettait aux mat\u00e9riaux d'\u00eatre \u201cconsid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme satisfaisant\u201d \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 incendie sans avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 soumis \u00e0 des tests complets.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pire encore, le mod\u00e8le de passation des march\u00e9s utilis\u00e9 pour la r\u00e9novation de Grenfell a encourag\u00e9 la r\u00e9duction des co\u00fbts. Le rev\u00eatement a \u00e9t\u00e9 choisi non pas en fonction de sa performance en mati\u00e8re d'incendie, mais en fonction de l'apparence et des contraintes budg\u00e9taires. La s\u00e9curit\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 rel\u00e9gu\u00e9e au second plan.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plusieurs entrepreneurs ont travaill\u00e9 sur diff\u00e9rents \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la r\u00e9novation. La supervision \u00e9tait in\u00e9gale. Des informations essentielles se sont perdues entre les \u00e9tapes de la conception, de la fourniture et de l'installation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Et lorsque les r\u00e9sidents ont mis en garde contre les risques d'incendie, ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 largement ignor\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08d46ab e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"08d46ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79e4edc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"79e4edc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Un appel au r\u00e9veil dans tout le secteur\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d329e43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d329e43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La catastrophe de Grenfell ne s'est pas limit\u00e9e \u00e0 la d\u00e9faillance d'un immeuble, elle a mis en lumi\u00e8re tout un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me de n\u00e9gligences syst\u00e9miques. Qu'il s'agisse de lacunes r\u00e9glementaires, d'une mauvaise surveillance de la construction ou d'une mise en \u0153uvre inad\u00e9quate, la catastrophe a forc\u00e9 le Royaume-Uni \u00e0 se confronter \u00e0 une dure v\u00e9rit\u00e9 : la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des locataires de logements sociaux a \u00e9t\u00e9 n\u00e9glig\u00e9e pendant trop longtemps.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cette trag\u00e9die a entra\u00een\u00e9 des changements radicaux, notamment :<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d22c85d elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"d22c85d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">La loi sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des b\u00e2timents 2022<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u00c9valuations obligatoires des risques d'incendie<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">R\u00e8gles plus strictes concernant les mat\u00e9riaux et la responsabilit\u00e9 de l'installation<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02c9801 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"02c9801\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pourtant, de nombreux experts avertissent qu'un changement culturel plus profond est encore n\u00e9cessaire, en particulier dans la mani\u00e8re dont les d\u00e9cisions de construction sont prises et qui est tenu pour responsable lorsque les choses tournent mal.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab6157e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ab6157e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5cf8838 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5cf8838\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pr\u00e9parer les futurs artisans \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 r\u00e9elle\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d671f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d671f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aucune personne de m\u00e9tier moderne ne devrait entrer dans le secteur sans comprendre pleinement les cons\u00e9quences des erreurs de construction.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C'est l\u00e0 que des outils comme<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/tradefoxapp.com\/fr\/\"> <b>Tradefox<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> viennent.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cette application bas\u00e9e sur la simulation permet aux \u00e9lectriciens, plombiers et autres corps de m\u00e9tier d'exercer leurs comp\u00e9tences en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9, en apprenant non seulement le \u201ccomment\u201d, mais aussi le \u201cpourquoi\u201d de chaque t\u00e2che, sans jamais \u00eatre confront\u00e9s \u00e0 un risque r\u00e9el. Parmi les exemples, citons notre simulation de test de courant neutre d\u00e9tourn\u00e9, sur laquelle nous commen\u00e7ons \u00e0 travailler ce mois-ci.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Une telle formation \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 pourrait \u00eatre l'un des h\u00e9ritages de Grenfell.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3af9739 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3af9739\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ef26ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5ef26ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00e9flexions finales\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-409cf44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"409cf44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L'incendie de la tour Grenfell n'est pas un malheur isol\u00e9, c'est le r\u00e9sultat final de choix de conception, de d\u00e9cisions concernant les mat\u00e9riaux et de d\u00e9fauts de surveillance qui n'auraient jamais d\u00fb \u00eatre accept\u00e9s.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alors que le secteur r\u00e9tablit la confiance, chaque planificateur, entrepreneur et d\u00e9cideur politique doit se rappeler que les b\u00e2timents ne sont pas seulement des structures. Ce sont des maisons. Et lorsque la construction se passe mal, des vies sont perdues.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L'obligation de rendre des comptes ne concerne pas seulement les tribunaux ou les commissions d'enqu\u00eate. Il s'agit d'un devoir moral collectif de ne plus jamais laisser une telle situation se reproduire.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the early hours of 14 June 2017, a fire broke out in Grenfell Tower, a 24-story residential block in West London. Within minutes, what began as a minor appliance fault spiraled into one of the deadliest structural fires in modern British history, claiming 72 lives and injuring many more. While the blaze shocked the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8493,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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